The SAP procurement process, explained briefly.
The key points
- The SAP procurement process runs in five steps: purchase requisition (PR), release, purchase order, goods receipt, invoice verification.
- The principle behind it is control: no order without a requisition, no payment without a verified goods receipt.
- Every step has its own transaction, from ME51N for the PR to MIRO for the invoice.
- SAP executes the process but doesn't decide what and how much is ordered. That decision remains planning work.
How does an order run through SAP?
What do PR, MIGO and MIRO mean?
The most important abbreviations you'll meet in the process:
What doesn't SAP decide?
The process controls the path of an order, not its content. Whether the quantity is right, whether the timing fits, whether the article should still be stocked at all: that comes from planning, and in SAP it usually computes with static parameters like reorder point and fixed lot size. How a continuously updated inventory optimisation emerges from these parameters is shown by the three steps of inventory optimisation.
In many SAP shops the PR discipline is good, the parameter maintenance isn't. Spot-check when your reorder points were last adjusted. The date says more than any process audit.
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